Would and Could

A common mistake Japanese students make is using the words would and could.

For example:

“When I was studying abroad, I could meet many people” INCORRECT

“When I was studying abroad, I was able to meet many people.”CORRECT

Even though “could and would” are in the past tense, they are not used to describe past events. They are used when 1) there is the possibility or potential for doing something or 2) for requests.

I.e. “I could go to work today, but I’m too lazy” OR “I would go to work today, but I’m too busy.”

The difference between would and could in these sentences is:

1)    Could: Nothing is stopping you from going to work, but you are choosing not to go

2)    Would: You actually want to go to work, but can’t because something is keeping you busy

Examples of making requests:

“Could you do me a favor?”

“I have a meeting today so I can’t make it to the party. Would you mind telling everyone I can’t come tonight?”